Mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa, ho tšoara le ho pholisa tšepe e le boemong bo tiileng ho ntlafatsa kapa ho fetola thepa ea eona le microstructure e bitsoa phekolo ea mocheso.Ho ea ka merero e fapaneng ea kalafo ea mocheso, ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo ea mocheso, e ka aroloang haholo ka mefuta e latelang:
(1)Annealing: Ka sebōping sa phekolo ea mocheso oa annealing, tšepe e futhumatsoa ka tekanyo e itseng ea ho futhumatsa ho pota 300-500 ℃ ka holim'a mocheso o boima, 'me microstructure ea eona e tla kena phetohong ea mohato kapa karolo ea karolo ea phetoho.Ka mohlala, ha tšepe e futhumetse mocheso ona, pearlite e tla fetoha austenite.Ebe ue boloka e futhumetse ka nako e itseng, ebe u e pholile butle-butle (hangata ka ho pholile ka sebōpi) ho fihlela e lokolloa mocheso oa kamore.Ts'ebetso ena kaofela e bitsoa kalafo ea annealing.Sepheo sa annealing ke ho tlosa khatello ea kelello e ka hare e hlahisoang nakong ea mosebetsi o chesang, homogenize microstructure ea tšepe (ho fumana sebopeho se batlang se leka-lekane), ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mochine (e kang ho fokotsa boima, ho eketsa polasetiki, ho tiea le matla), le ho ntlafatsa ho itšeha. tshebetso.Ho ipapisitsoe le ts'ebetso ea annealing, e ka aroloa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea annealing joalo ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa annealing, annealing habeli, diffusion annealing, isothermal annealing, spheroidizing annealing, recrystallization annealing, annealing e khanyang, annealing e felletseng, annealing e sa fellang, jj.
(2)Ho tloaeleha: Sebōping sa phekolo ea mocheso, tšepe e futhumetse ka tekanyo e itseng ea ho futhumatsa ho pota 200-600 ℃ ka holim'a mocheso o boima, e le hore microstructure e fetohe ka ho feletseng hore e be seaparo sa austenite (mohlala, mocheso ona, ferrite e fetoloa ka ho feletseng. ka har'a tšepe ea austenite, kapa cementite ea bobeli e qhibiliha ka ho feletseng ka austenite), 'me e bolokiloe ka nako e itseng, ebe e behoa moeeng bakeng sa pholiso ea tlhaho (ho kenyelletsa le ho pholisa ho foka, ho bokellana bakeng sa pholiso ea tlhaho, kapa likotoana ka bomong bakeng sa tlhaho. pholile moeeng o khutsitseng), 'me ts'ebetso eohle e bitsoa normalizing.Normalizing ke mofuta o khethehileng oa ho pholile, oo, ka lebaka la lebelo la ho pholisa ka potlako ho feta annealing, o ka fumanang lijo-thollo tse ntle le microstructure e tšoanang, ho ntlafatsa matla le ho thatafala ha tšepe, le ho ba le lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa mochine.
(3) Ho tima: Sebōping sa phekolo ea mocheso, tšepe e futhumetse ka tekanyo e itseng ea ho futhumatsa ho pota 300-500 ℃ ka holim'a mocheso o boima, e le hore microstructure e fetohe ka ho feletseng hore e be austenite ea junifomo.Ka mor'a ho e tšoara ka nako e itseng, e pholile ka potlako (mocheso o pholileng o kenyelletsa metsi, oli, metsi a letsoai, metsi a alkaline, joalo-joalo) ho fumana sebopeho sa martensitic, se ka ntlafatsang haholo matla, ho thatafala le ho roala ho hanyetsa tšepe. .Pholiso e potlakileng nakong ea ho tima e lebisa phetohong e bohale ea sebopeho e hlahisang khatello ea maikutlo e kholo ea kahare le ho eketsa brittleness.Ka hona, hoa hlokahala ho etsa kalafo ea khalefo kapa ea botsofali ka nako e nepahetseng ho fumana matla a phahameng le thepa e phahameng ea toughness.Ka kakaretso, phekolo ea ho tima feela ha e sebelisoe hangata.Ho itšetlehile ka ntho le morero oa phekolo ea quenching, phekolo ea quenching e ka aroloa ka mekhoa e sa tšoaneng ea ho tima e kang ho tima ho tloaelehileng, ho tima ka ho feletseng, ho tima ho sa phetheheng, ho tima isothermal, ho tima, ho tima, ho tima, ho tima hangata, joalo-joalo.
(4) Ho tima ka holim'a metsi: Ena ke mokhoa o khethehileng oa ho tima kalafo o sebelisang mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho futhumatsa e kang ho futhumatsa lelakabe, ho futhumala ha mocheso o phahameng oa maqhubu, ho futhumatsa maqhubu a motlakase, ho futhumatsa motlakase, ho futhumatsa electrolyte, joalo-joalo ho futhumatsa ka potlako holim'a metsi. tšepe e ka holimo ho mocheso o matla, 'me ka potlako e pholisoe pele mocheso o ka kena ka hare ho tšepe (ke hore, ho tima phekolo)
Nako ea poso: Oct-08-2023